From a distance:
Cowl cheeks + 1 seat = RV3
Cowl cheeks + 2 seats = RV4
No cheeks and 2 seats = RV8
Side/Side with small no c/w tail = RV6
Side/Side with mid size c/w tail could be 6 or 7.
Side/Side with large RV9 style rudder and 6/8 looking wings = RV7
Side/Side with long wings, square elevator, exposed flap hinges = RV9
Also, most all RV4's have tip over canopies without a separate windshield. Most RV8's have sliding canopies. All (except a few) RV4's have the main gear legs sweeping out from the cowl. RV8's have them under the fuse. They really are quite different airplanes when you park them side/side you'll see. The above is just to get an idea at a glance or in the air.
Some of the new RV6's can look a lot like first generation RV7's if the -7's have the smaller -8 rudder on them, or the -6 has the newer rudder on it (or like my plane is a -6 but has a new/large -7 tail on it), but there are still some giveaways:
Fwd bottom skin on a -7 is flat, Fwd bottom skin on a -6 matches the dihedral of the wing spars.
Multiple inspection panels on the bottom of the wing = RV7.
NACA duct cutouts being above the cowl split line = RV7 (almost always, the -6 drivers mostly cut their own, and usually put them on the cowl split line whereas van's pre-cuts the -7/9 skins).
Wide 604/Spar bulkhead rivet line on side of fuse = RV7 whereas the RV6 has a narrow vertical rivet line.
Rivet line where the armrest goes almost always has a jog down between the 604/605 bulkhead on the 6's and not usually on the 7's.
Round tube slider frame almost always on older 6's.
Instrument panels on the 6's and 7's are also quite different and easily discernable (-7/9 panels have cutouts for the elephant ears in the corners and the -6 does not. The canopy deck rails are also slightly different).
Anyway, there are a lot more things (the list could go on and on as the "experts" join in with all of the nuances many of us can pick out), but those are the "quick/dirty" way for a greenhorn to tell!
Cheers,
Stein