These kinds of accelerations are beyond technical ability to cope, that's why aerobatic planes lose propellers all the time
Turbo life may be shortened by aerobatics, but so also are the engine & propellers lives shortened. Along with the airframe etc.
It IS an abusive environment. It DOES require more attention to maintenance.
That's a 'cost of doing business' issue.
Turbochargers are the simplest of devices. If applied properly and provided with continuous oil, they are very reliable, even if abused. If removed before damaged, the inspection and repair is so easy, you can do it on the kitchen table while watching TV.
If you grab and wiggle the compressor end and notice it is getting loose, you can get it out of the plane before the bearings are so bad the wheels start rubbing on the housings. Then you can save it with a cleaning, inspection and a rebuild kit.
I think turbos are not used in areobatics for a different reason. Turbo lag probably is not compatable with the instant on - instant off power changes.
Also the weight, brackets, hoses, controls, etc. etc. add weight and complexity to a machine that needs to be as light as possible, and easily maintained, with frequent inspections. Think 'Less Is More'. The MP14 used a reduction gear and mild supercharging for more power. These are integral to the engine, and seems to have worked well.
PS, I was just thinking about the circus motorcycle, you know, the one on the high wire, or running around in the 'Wall of Death'. Those bikes usually are very old, because they have been refined over the years, specifically for the job. They are reduced to the basic job, for ease of use, inspection, and repair. You wouldn't see a turbo charger on one of those, because it doesn't add enough to make up for the bother of having it. I think of aerobatic planes in a similar way.